eprintid: 1634 rev_number: 7 eprint_status: archive userid: 4 dir: disk0/00/00/16/34 datestamp: 2025-08-13 03:47:42 lastmod: 2025-08-13 03:47:42 status_changed: 2025-08-13 03:47:42 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Mat, Hamidah creators_name: Mustakim, Siti Salina creators_name: Razali, Fazilah title: Proficiency of Higher-Order Thinking Skills in Malaysian Primary Science Curriculum : Insights From Year 5 ispublished: pub subjects: L1 divisions: JPS full_text_status: public keywords: Higher-order thinking skills, Science education, Instructional modules, ADDIE framework abstract: This study examines the proficiency of higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) among Year 5 primary school students in Malaysia's science curriculum. A survey involving 280 students selected through stratified sampling was conducted to evaluate their mastery of HOTS, focusing on their ability to analyze, evaluate, and apply scientific concepts. Results indicated a moderate level of proficiency, highlighting gaps in independent application and creative problem-solving. These findings underscore the importance of tailored instructional strategies and the development of targeted teaching modules to improve HOTS. Future studies should investigate the long-term impact of such interventions and the role of teacher training in fostering these skills. date: 2025-01 date_type: published publication: International Journal of Education and Social Science Research pagerange: 26-40 refereed: TRUE issn: 2581-5148 citation: Mat, Hamidah and Mustakim, Siti Salina and Razali, Fazilah (2025) Proficiency of Higher-Order Thinking Skills in Malaysian Primary Science Curriculum : Insights From Year 5. International Journal of Education and Social Science Research. pp. 26-40. ISSN 2581-5148 document_url: http://eprints.iab.edu.my/v2/1634/1/ijessr_08_1014.pdf