{
      "type": "article",
      "publisher": "UNIMAS",
      "metadata_visibility": "show",
      "eprint_status": "archive",
      "full_text_status": "public",
      "divisions": [
        "JPD"
      ],
      "title": "Leadership styles and resilience of Generation Z student leaders in Malaysian universities",
      "datestamp": "2026-10-26 00:16:36",
      "referencetext": "Adams, W. C. (2015). Conducting semi-structured interviews. In K. E. Newcomer, H. P. Hatry, &\r\nJ. S. Wholey (Eds.), Handbook of practical program evaluation (4th ed., pp. 492–505). Wiley.\r\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/9781119171386.ch19\r\nAhmad Fuad, N. A., Mohd Rizuan, Y., Ramli, N. A. N., Heitin, F. S., Ravindran, D., Hussin, N.\r\nA. A., & Jafry, N. H. A. (2024). Stress factors among university students: A case study at Universiti\r\nKebangsaan Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Business & Social Sciences,\r\n14(11), 1694–1707. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.6007\/IJARBSS\/v14-i11\/21956\r\nAmat, S., Subhan, M., Wan Jaafar, W. M., Mahmud, Z., & Ku Johari, K. S. (2014). Evaluation\r\nand psychometric status of the Brief Resilience Scale in a sample of Malaysian international\r\nstudents. Asian Social Science, 10(18), 240–245. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5539\/ASS.V10N18P240\r\nAngelina, C., & Priyono, J. (2024). Kepemimpinan persahabatan bagi Generasi Z berdasarkan\r\nperspektif Yohanes 15:14–17. Logon Zoes: Jurnal Teologi, Sosial dan Budaya, 7(2), 108–127.\r\nAriffin, S. H. S., & Lazim, N. A. M. (2024). Academic management and leadership in Malaysia\r\nHigher Education Institutions (HEIs): Financial provision and social impact perspectives. In K.\r\nKankaew, S. Shilpa, & S. Widtayakornbundit (Eds.), Contemporary management and global\r\nleadership for sustainability (pp. 19–38). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.\r\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.4018\/979-8-3693-1273-5.ch002\r\nBass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1994). Improving organizational effectiveness through\r\ntransformational leadership. Sage Publications, Inc.\r\nBraun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in\r\nPsychology, 3(2), 77–101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa\r\nChatpibal, M., Chaiyasoonthorn, W., & Chaveesuk, S. (2023). The development of qualitative\r\nresearch instruments to explore the role of Chief Financial Officer (CFO). Proceedings of the 12th\r\nInternational Conference on Information Communication and Management (ICICM '22), 69–74.\r\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3551690.3551701\r\nChowdhury, T. I., Al Saeedi, A. S., Karim, A. M., Ahmed, A. R., & Karim, A. M. (2024). Effective\r\ncontemporary leadership in the tertiary education: Global stakeholders viewpoint. International\r\nJournal of Academic Research in Business & Social Sciences, 14(1), 479–490.\r\nhttp:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.6007\/IJARBSS\/v14-i1\/20466\r\nDhinakaran, V., Partheeban, P., Ramesh, R., Balamurali, R., & Dhanagopal, R. (2020). Behavior\r\nand characteristic changes of Generation Z engineering students. 2020 6th International\r\nConference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems (ICACCS), 1434–1437.\r\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICACCS48705.2020.90743",
      "dir": "disk0\/00\/00\/17\/43",
      "refereed": "TRUE",
      "rev_number": 9,
      "lastmod": "2026-10-26 00:16:36",
      "uri": "http:\/\/eprints.iab.edu.my\/v2\/id\/eprint\/1743",
      "publication": "Journal of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development (UNIMAS).",
      "subjects": [
        "AS",
        "L1",
        "LB2300"
      ],
      "userid": 4,
      "abstract": "Despite growing research on student leadership, few studies examine how digital pressures affect leadership\r\nand resilience among Generation Z student leaders in Malaysian universities. Facing constant connectivity,\r\ndigital fatigue, and the need to balance academic and leadership roles, these students rely on resilience. This\r\nstudy explored how digital environments shape their leadership styles and resilience. Ten university student\r\nleaders, selected through purposive and snowball sampling, participated in semi-structured interviews as\r\npart of a qualitative case study. To assist in framing the conversation, each participant completed the\r\nMultifactor Leadership Questionnaire Form 6S and the Brief Resilience Scale prior to the interview.\r\nThematic analysis revealed that participants frequently employed a mixed leadership style, incorporating\r\nboth transformational and transactional elements. Digital literacy, participative approaches, and situational\r\nadaptability influence leadership development. Personal passion, experience-based learning, early exposure\r\nto leadership roles, mentorship, and the use of digital technologies were all contributing factors. Participants\r\nfaced challenges such as emotional strain, peer conflict, institutional limitations, and online criticism.\r\nResilience appeared as an important trait, strengthened by strong support networks, a growth-oriented\r\nattitude, and spiritual beliefs. These findings emphasise the need for emotionally sensitive, value-aligned\r\nleadership development programs in higher education.",
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      "note": "Generation Z, leadership style, resilience, student leadership, digital environment",
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